Hemorrhoids, also known as piles, are swollen and inflamed veins in the lower rectum and anus. They can be internal, located inside the rectum, or external, developing under the skin around the anus.
Hemorrhoids are a common condition and can occur due to various factors, including increased pressure in the veins of the rectum, straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation or diarrhea, obesity, pregnancy, and prolonged sitting or standing. Aging and genetic predisposition can also play a role.
The symptoms of hemorrhoids can vary depending on the type and severity. Internal hemorrhoids are often painless and may cause bleeding during bowel movements. They may protrude or prolapse outside the anus, causing discomfort, itching, or irritation. External hemorrhoids can be painful, especially when blood clots form within them, leading to a condition called thrombosed hemorrhoids.
Treatment for hemorrhoids usually begins with conservative measures, such as lifestyle changes, including a high-fiber diet to soften stools and prevent straining, increased fluid intake, and regular exercise. Over-the-counter creams, ointments, or suppositories can provide relief from symptoms such as itching or pain. In some cases, minimally invasive procedures like rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, or infrared coagulation may be recommended to shrink or remove the hemorrhoids.
Severe or persistent cases of hemorrhoids may require surgical intervention. Hemorrhoidectomy, the surgical removal of hemorrhoids, or other procedures like hemorrhoidal artery ligation or stapled hemorrhoidopexy may be considered in such cases.
It’s important to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan if you suspect you have hemorrhoids or are experiencing symptoms related to them.
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