Several factors can contribute to iron deficiency anemia, including inadequate dietary intake of iron, poor iron absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, increased iron requirements during certain periods (such as pregnancy or adolescence), chronic blood loss (from menstruation or gastrointestinal conditions), or certain medical conditions that interfere with iron absorption.
The symptoms of iron deficiency anemia can vary in severity but commonly include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, dizziness, headaches, cold hands and feet, brittle nails, and an increased susceptibility to infections. In more severe cases, individuals may experience chest pain, rapid or irregular heartbeat, and a swollen tongue.
A diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia is typically made through blood tests that measure the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and serum ferritin (an indicator of iron stores in the body). Treatment usually involves addressing the underlying cause of the iron deficiency and may include iron supplementation and dietary modifications to increase iron intake. In some cases, further investigation and medical management may be necessary to determine and treat the underlying cause of the anemia. It’s important for individuals experiencing symptoms of anemia to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and guidance.
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